IFA Congresses

Motor response inhibition and severity of stuttered speech in adults

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Category: Joint World Congress 2018 Proceedings

Shanley TRELEAVEN¹, Geoffrey COALSON¹

¹Louisiana State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract. Research has suggested manual response inhibition as a potential area of compromise in persons who stutter. The present study examined stop-signal response latencies between AWS (n=17) and AWNS (n=17) while also controlling for participants’ nonverbal intelligence – a factor known to contribute to manual response inhibition.  Manual response latencies were also examined in relation to stuttering severity during a 300-word conversational speech sample. Results indicated AWS were slower to inhibit inaccurate manual responses than AWNS when nonverbal intelligence was controlled. However, no significant relationship was observed between stuttering severity and non-vocal manual response inhibition in AWS.  

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A Survey of the Experience of Stuttering: A Preliminary Report

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Category: Joint World Congress 2018 Proceedings

Seth TICHENOR¹ and J. Scott YARUSS¹

¹Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract. Repetitions, Prolongations, and blocks are commonly considered to be the central behaviors of the stuttering disorder. There is growing evidence that people who stutter experience the moment of stuttering in ways that cannot be captured by observation alone. This survey builds on and expands recent phenomenological findings regarding the moment of stuttering as experienced by speakers (Tichenor & Yaruss, 2018) to ascertain consistency of findings across a larger population.

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Attitudes toward Stuttering and Cluttering of the Chinese Public

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Category: Joint World Congress 2018 Proceedings

Yulia O. FILATOVA¹, An-Ning SONG² and Kenneth O. ST. LOUIS³

¹Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

² Tong Ren University, Gui Zhou, China, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

³ West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract. This study compared the attitudes toward stuttering and cluttering of more than 200 Chinese nationals living in numerous areas of China and in Moscow, Russia. Respondents filled out an online version of the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering (POSHA–S) and Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Cluttering (POSHA–Cl) that were translated into Simplified Chinese. Confirming earlier research representing nine countries, young Chinese adults had less positive attitudes toward cluttering than for stuttering. Additionally, from other questions about who they knew with stuttering, cluttering, or both, respondents who identified someone with a fluency disorder had more positive attitudes for both stuttering and cluttering than those who did not identify such a person.

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Stuttering and Cluttering Attitudes of Beginning SLP Students, Education Students, and the Public in Russia

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Category: Joint World Congress 2018 Proceedings

Yulia FILATOVA¹, Olga ANTIPOVA² and Kenneth O. ST. LOUIS³

¹Moscow Pedagogical State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

²Moscow Pedagogical State University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

³West Virginia University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract.  This study compared attitudes toward stuttering and cluttering among speech-language pathology (SLP) students before training in fluency disorders with education students and the general public in Russia using the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes (POSHA). Attitudes toward cluttering were similar to stuttering attitudes; however, cluttering attitudes were consistently less positive. University students planning to become SLPs had more positive cluttering and stuttering attitudes than students planning to become primary school teachers. Education students’ attitudes were very similar to public attitudes. From other questions about who they knew with fluency disorders, all three groups identified more stuttering persons than cluttering persons whom they knew, and all identified more adults than children for both fluency disorders.

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Multitasking and Its Impact on the Reliability of Measuring Stuttered Syllables

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Category: Joint World Congress 2018 Proceedings

Jason H. DAVIDOW¹, Ona REED¹, and Robin L. EDGE²

¹ Hofstra University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., 

² Jacksonville University, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract. Purpose: This paper presents preliminary results from a larger study that aimed to expand on the current research regarding the impact of multitasking on counting stutters using the Stuttering Measurement System (SMS). Method: Thirty female speech-language pathology graduate students participated and were randomized into two groups (Individual or Simultaneous). The Simultaneous Group viewed four videos of persons who stutter (PWS) one time during each session and rated stuttered syllables, fluent syllables, and naturalness. The Individual Group viewed four videos of PWS three times each during each session and rated one of the three variables with each viewing. Videos and variables were randomized.  Only stuttered syllables data were available for the present report. Results: The intrarater reliability analysis revealed that the Individual Group had better agreement for the number of syllables stuttered between Time 1 and Time 2 compared to the Simultaneous Group.  Interrater agreement, although slightly better for the Simultaneous Group, was more equivalent across the groups. Conclusion: Raters better replicated their own number of syllables stuttered value (intrarater agreement) when counting syllables stuttered alone than when simultaneously counting stuttered syllables and fluent syllables, and rating speech naturalness. The preliminary nature of the analysis is discussed, as data from 15 other participants have not been analyzed.  

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